Apart from pure experimentation, there is not a lot of information about weapon combinations. Today I would like to throw out a little tidbit about attachments.
Most weapons have decent iron sights, with the M-60 being one of the worst, and the Type 95 being rather large. The red dot sight is one of the most used sights. In particlular, it helps the assault rifles with longer range engagements. The red dot sight has unlocks for various custom reticles for individuals tastes. The Holographic site is very similar to the red dot, but is slightly bigger and can obscure some of your view.
The ACOG (Advanced Combat Optical Gusight) provides a longer range view and can be attached to most weapons. It can effectively increase LMG's and assault weapons effective range, and as most have encountered, can give sniper rifles quick medium range shots. ACOG sights slows the ads (aim down sites) times.
Hybrid sight is used on assault rifles and gives you both the ACOG and a holographic style sight that can be toggled between each. It has a slower ads like the ACOG sight and can get you killed if your looking down the wrong sight, but if you switch to the holo site right away and only use the ACOG for long shots (along with Quickdraw) it can be nice to have on long/mid range maps.
The HAMR (Hight Accuracy Multi Range) scope is the Hybrid for the SMG. It is even slower going into ads than the hybrid and should be used with Steady Aim and Quickdraw. Use the site only for longer shots and don't use the site on mid/close range engagements.
Thermal scopes are kinda cool. I recently use one on my ACR 6.8 and was suprised at how well I could see on all maps. It acts a lot like a snipers scope with good magnification but shows warm bodies as bright white. I could even see players using the Assasin perk (they stay concealed, but were much easier to spot). Thermal scopes can see through smoke, but are very slow to ads.
Variable Zoom scope is only for sniper rifles and can change magnifications. It can be used instead of the default scope and is no slower than the default scope.
The Silencer is one of the most useful tools in all COD. Silencers prevent your red dot from appearing on the mini-map when you fire. They decrease the effective range and reduce sound and muzzle flash. Silencers appear to reduce recoil and are excellent tools for AR's and SMG's when used on a stealth build. They can be used on LMG's and Sniper rifles, but reduce the damage (or range) they produce.
Rapid Fire increases the fire rate of any weapon by 20%. This can help the burst fire AR's to get that one burst kill. It increases the recoil a lot on SMG's and LMG's making them more challenging to aim. Rapid Fire turns SMG's into can openers at close range.
Extended Mags give you 50% more ammo and allows you to keep firing without reloading at a critical moment. It really benefits the auto shotguns, SMG's, and machine pistols.
Grips can help with the shotguns, but really shine when used on an LMG. The grip won't give you anymore benefit when prone, but gives you a recentering speed increase (accuracy) and reduces recoil when hip firing or crouched.
The Heart Beat Sensor can be a good ally as long as you don't stare at the little screen and are oblivious to your surroundings. It gives you a short window of opportunity to see an enemy (similar to portable radar's range). It will allow you to see enemies as red dots unless they are using the Assasin perk. I used it once very effectivley on the right side of the Underground map by the truck. With my back to the wall and my flanks covered, I had about 1-2 seconds of warning before players would pop out in front of me.
Tactical Knife option allows a faster melee (knife slash). It is carried in the off-hand when you use a pistol. I haven't used it much, but it is available on the default class labeld First Recon in case you want to check it out.
Akimbo is only available with the secondary machine pistol and pistol class. It allows you to carry, fire, and reload dual weapons. You have to squeeze 2 triggers at the same time for both to fire at the same time. You cannot ads, and they eat ammo at an incredible rate. Not very accurate at ranges further than close, they still have the ability to smoke anything near them. I'm not a big fan of them, but you have to admit firing them bad boys and hearing them roar can be addicting.
Shotgun attachments for the AR's are challenging to use. When you remember that you have one slung under your barrel and toggle it "on", it can come in handy in close quarters. I have had a tough time completing the challenge for it on my ACR, but also have suprised a few players with it going off in their face. It is not as powerful as the stand alone shotguns so you definitely need to aim for the upper chest/head area with it as it will take more than one shot any where else, and you probably won't get many 2nd chances.
Gernade Laucher (noob tube). Gernade lauchers can be attached to the underside of an AR. You are given 2 shots and can be a useful tool when it is used properly. Randomly spamming gernades is not skillful and lacks imagination. Shooting one through a window at a campers paradise, and following it up with a lead shower is the recipe for a killstreak. Well that is all for today, hope it helps, and happy hunting.